Trnava

The merciful picture of the Virgin Mary of Trnava was painted according to the model from the Roman Church of Saints Alexei and Boniface. This picture depicts the Virgin Mary with a dark face and dark garment: it is a Byzantine type of Our Lady of Prayer. The painting of Virgin Mary of Trnava is a painting on wood with dimensions of 89 x 71 cm. In 1663 the Turks looted and ravaged Hlohovec, Nitra, Modra, Pezinok, Franciscan Monastery of St. Catherine and penetrated to the vicinity of Trnava. However, they did not reach the town itself and Trnava remained intact. At this time, a strange event occurred - a picture of the Virgin Mary in the parish church showed bloody sweat. Although relatively few reports have been preserved about this extraordinary phenomenon, people have believed and disseminated reports of this over the years. From the time of the Kuruc War II (1703 - 1711), there were other reports of the miraculous tearing of the Marian image. After these events, the inhabitants of the city asked to create a more dignified place for the merciful picture of the Virgin Mary of Trnava. On the third of June 1739, the foundation stone of the Marian chapel was laid and consecrated, which was ceremonially consecrated on 9 September 1741 along with the main altar. After the World War I, respect for the Virgin Mary of Trnava fell. The tradition began to come back to life after 1939, the holy masses, sermons, processions, adorations were renewed, and the respect for the love picture of the Virgin Mary of Trnava in the form of a novena, or nine-day devotion of various forms was gradually formed. It is held regularly from 13 to 21 November. Source: Archbishop's Office, Archdiocese of Trnava Literature: Rusina, I.(ed.): History of Slovak Fine Art: Baroque. Bratislava SNG, 1998. Contact information:Address: Roman Catholic Parish Office, Street of M. Sch. Trnavský no. 3, 917 01 Trnava 1Telephone: 033/5931 081,E-mail: dekanat.trnava@abu.skWweb: https://www.abu.sk/

The Orthodox Synagogue, due to its size called the "Little Synagogue", is a hall building with no towers oriented east-west direction, indoors with female galleries carried by cast-iron columns. In addition, several original historicizing art-craft details and remnants of the original painting have been preserved in the interior. The continuity of the acting of the Jewish community was interrupted by the onset of fascism in 1939, after the World War II the synagogue was only short-lived and its original function ceased to exist at the beginning of the 1950s. Since then, it has been used for various utilitarian, mainly storage purposes, and has decayed for many years. In the early 1990s, the Jewish community reconstituted the synagogue and then sold it to private property. It has undergone a complete construction renovation and after decades it has been made available to the public again. Its revival, although not with its original function, but with new cultural and social use, is in a marginal area, such as the restoration of the monuments of Jewish architecture in Slovakia, a relatively unique work. Source: http://www.vitajtevtrnave.sk/sk/register/ortodoxna-synagoga Contact information:Present use: café, exhibitionsAddress: Haulíkova street no. 405/3, 917 00 TrnavaTelephone: +421 910 921 922E-mail : info@synagogacafe.skWeb: http://www.synagogacafe.sk

For the first time, the Jewish community performs in Trnava in written monuments in the 14th century, by means of an inscription on stone tombstones discovered during the dismantling of the Lovčická city gate in 1862, but the presence of Jews in this shopping centre can be assumed earlier. A linguistically and religiously isolated but alive community was formed, with its own administrative and judicial powers, which had its mayor and synagogue in the 16th century, their rights and obligations to the majority population arising from a treaty with the city. In 1539, however, due to some questionable kidnapping and murder of a child, king Ferdinand I ordered Trnava to expel all Jews forever, and this order was repeated in 1686 by emperor Leopold I.The medieval Jewish ghetto somewhere between today's Pavlínská and Dolnopotočná streets disappeared without a trace, but the "eternal times" lasted until 1783, when Joseph II. He granted equal rights to religions by a patent. General restrictions on the number of Jews in towns, their economic activities, property ownership or access to education were lifted, and the Jewish community in Trnava grew so much that in 1855 Rabbi Simon Sidon moved from nearby Cífer. In the years 1891 - 1897 a synagogue of the religious community Status Quo Ante was created according to a project by the Viennese architect Jakub Gertner. Representing a two-tower building near the orthodox synagogue, it represents a typical Jewish sacral architecture combining historicizing and oriental elements. The building, which was used as a warehouse in the second half of the 20th century, was damaged in 1986 by a fire, but it still preserved fragments of the painting and a gallery for women carried by cast-iron columns. Holocaust victims are commemorated by the memorial in front of the entrance, built after World War II. Since 1994, the synagogue has been a part of the Ján Koniarek Gallery in Trnava and serves as the Centre for Contemporary Art. Source: http://www.vitajtevtrnave.sk/sk/register/synagoga-nabozenskej-obce-status-quo-ante Contact information:Present use: Centre for Contemporary Art.Address: Halenárska street no. 2, 917 01 TrnavaTelephone: 033 / 55 11 659E-mail: info@gjk.skWweb: http://www.gjk.sk

The church and cemetery in Modranka are mentioned in written sources from the 16th century. The local parish pilgrimage church dedicated to the Holy Trinity has a turbulent history. It was built in the Baroque style in the years 1650 - 1657. Its construction was linked to the older Chapel of the Holy Sepulchre, which was built between 1629 - 1632 and was originally the end of the Calvary leading to Trnava. The church builder was probably inspired by the Church of St. John the Baptist in Trnava. It is reminded especially by the facade, where two prismatic towers beautified with lisenas. Slender onion roofs slender on them. The single-nave church is terminated by a polygonal presbytery and vaulted by a cross vault. In 1659, a chapel with an altar was added on the northern side of the church, and in 1767 it was extended by an extension to its present form. The graceful statue of Our Lady of Loreto is now located above the wooden altar. Pilgrims began to come in larger numbers after the events of 1683, when Trnava and Modranka were threatened by the Turkish army. The helpless inhabitants fled to the Virgin Mary. According to legend, when the region unexpectedly enveloped the thick fog and stopped the invaders, the inhabitants were convinced that the Virgin Mary saved them. Pope Inocent XII proclaimed Modranka as a pilgrimage place in the breve of 30 June 1695 and granted full indulgences for six years to all believers under normal conditions. At the beginning of the 19th century, the Church of Holy Trinity burned down several times. In 1957 - 1958 an extension of the church was built. The present painting of the church dates back to 1968. In front of the church there is a Lourdes cave from 1944. The pilgrimage in Modranka is always organized on the second Sunday of May. Many pilgrims - from vicinity as well as from afar - receive the comfort, strength, grace and encouragement of faith in the intercession of the Virgin Mary. Source: Archbishop's Office, Archdiocese of Trnava Literature:ČIČO, M. (ed.): Calvary on Slovakia. Bratislava : Institute of Monuments, 2002.List of monuments in Slovakia, Vol. I Bratislava : Obzor, 1969, page 329.www.faramodranka.sk; www.modranka.com Contact information:Address: Roman Catholic Parish Office, Pútnická street no. 4, 917 05 Trnava-ModrankaTelephone: 033/5543 052;E-mail: farnost.modranka@abu.sk;Web: www.faramodranka.sk

The largest and most spectacular temple in Trnava is the two-towered Church of St. John the Baptist, the first building in Slovakia built in a new style - Baroque, modelled according to the Jesuit University Church in Vienna. The construction of this monumental temple was not only a prestige for the city, but also became a model for a new concept of sacral architecture throughout the country. In 1629 - 1637, the representative temple of the Jesuit University of Trnava, relatively simple from the outside, but filled with paint and gold, was built by Archbishop Jesuit Peter Pázmany on the site of the demolished Gothic church of the Dominicans. The dominant feature of the interior is the monumental main altar, considered the largest early baroque altar in Central Europe. But the main meaning of the interior is the story of the life of the patron saint of the church, St. John the Baptist, developed from his birth to a martyr's execution in the line of images of the main altar and four oval mirrors in the centre of the vault. A two-storey music tribune was created for a large music ensemble. The main source of funds for the freight construction was provided by a patron, palatine Nikolaus Esterházy of Galántha, and his son Paul later continued his work. However, with the church history, other sons of the palatine, brothers Ladislaus, Francis, Gasper and Thomas are sadly linked, who were killed in the Battle of Vozokany and were buried with great pomp in the local crypt under participation of representatives of the whole kingdom. At present, the church is the Cathedral temple of the Archdiocese of Trnava. Source: http://www.vitajtevtrnave.sk/sk/register/katedrala-sv-jana-krstitela Contact information:Address: Roman Catholic Parish Office, Street of M. Sch. Trnavský no. 3, 917 01 Trnava 1Telephone: 033/5931 081,E-mail: dekanat.trnava@abu.skWweb: https://www.abu.sk/